Assignment 1: VIDEO & AUDIO EQUIPMENT for MOVING IMAGE PRODUCTION

Camera

The camera I have used is canon DSLR or Digital SLR which stands for single-lens reflex camera.

 

As the you can see in the picture below, The basic lighting is used is three point lighting, which are key light, fill light and back light.  We use key light as the main light which hit the subject, fill light is used to fill the shadows and back light is for separating the subject from the background.

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Sound Equipment

 

Lens- Focal Length

One thing in making a film or photography is ‘field of view’. To simply define the Focal length of a camera and to understand how it affects the field of view, I define it as the distance between lens and sensor of camera and is shown in mm number in which the field of view changes as below:

The smaller the number of focal length, the wider field of view; so you get a wider image, your subject is very small in the image.

The larger the number of focal length, the narrower field of view; in other words when you have chosen a longer focal length (the longer the distance between lens and sensor of camera) the longer the reach of your lens is, so you get a tighter image.

(Note: A telephoto lens is a lens with a focal length of higher number than standard to get a very narrow field of view.)

In case of a fixed focal length, it cannot be changed. In opposition, there is a zoom lens in which focal length can be switched between minimum and maximum mm number, e.g. 24-45 mm.

In following pictures I have tried to show the different field of view by changing focal length of lens, in these photos I have kept the same aperture and shutter speed in shot. The first one has been shot in a short focal length and the second one in a longer focal length.

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Focus

Focus is the amount of the image that we want to be sharper and there is another term, point of focus which is used when we want to draw the attention to one point in the image.

In following pictures, I have shown point of focus first on the ashtray and in the second image on the red thing.

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Camera Controls: To understand the most primary controls of a camera I want to talk about three basic concepts of a camera which are under the name Exposure.

ISO

ISO is camera’s sensitivity to the lights. The more the ISO, the less light we need. The best practice for ISO is to keep it as low as possible and then use aperture and shutter speed to get to a good exposure. Keeping ISO low gives us smooth, rich colours and low noise.

Screen Shot 2017-11-09 at 14.00.15

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low ISO, took indoors
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higher ISO, keeping the same aperture and shutter speed

 

 

 

 

 

 

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increasing shutter speed and ISO at the same time
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keeping the same shutter speed, higher ISO

 

 

 

 

 

 

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a very high ISO causes a lot noise in the image
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a closer look of the image shows the dots (noises)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aperture

Aperture is about the measurement how open or close the lens is. A specific aperture setting is called an F-stop number, e.g. F/4.5. Aperture controls the depth of field, how blurry the background and foreground is compared to what is focused.

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The smaller the number, the wider the aperture, the shallower the depth of field
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most opening of the lens, more light into the camera

 

 

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The larger the number, the narrower the aperture, the deeper the depth of field
Screen Shot 2017-10-31 at 13.57.35
less opening of the lens, less light into the camera

 

Shutter Speed

Simply talking Shutter speed talks about the time between when shutter gets open, the light comes through and shutter closes. The longer the shutter is open, it gives much more time for the motion of the image. The longer the shutter speed is, more motion will be seen. Shutter speed is fractions of a second, e.g. 1/40 second means the shutter is open for 1/40 second.

 

Health and safety

Here is some tips to use the studio as safe as possible:

  • As having electrical equipment safe is definitely necessary in all Health & Safety regulations, the same is required in TV studio projects.
  • Make sure you have put the wires and cables of equipments of lights and connections in a way that no one may hit them and would be in trouble of injury.
  • While setting the lights, in order to prevent the tripod falling, put a sand bag on one of the pods in different position of the light to make it balance.
  • Put on safety gloves while working with lights to protect you from any probable dangers of electrocution.
  • Prevent having any kind of food or drink in studio, specifically not to drop drink on the floor and consequently on the cables and
  • In any case of need for informing strangers about studio’s temporary repairing condition, make sure you have informed and warned them of necessary warnings.
  • Smoking is clearly never suggested in studio.

Here I have attached the Risk Assessment which is needed to be filled in Studio 01-zero one:

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